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The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) World Heritage Sites are places of importance to cultural or natural heritage as described in the UNESCO World Heritage Convention, established in 1972.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The World Heritage Convention )〕 The South American country of Peru ratified the convention on February 24, 1982, making its historical sites eligible for inclusion on the list.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Peru )〕 The first sites within Peru were inscribed on the list at the 7th Session of the World Heritage Committee, held in Florence, Italy in 1983: "City of Cuzco" and the "Historic Sanctuary of Machu Picchu". As of 2010, Peru has 11 sites on the World Heritage List. Seven are listed as cultural sites, two as natural, and two as mixed, meeting both cultural and natural selection criteria, as determined by the organization's selection criteria.〔 Only six of Peru's twenty-five regions are represented, with Ancash, Cuzco, and Lima regions each containing multiple sites.〔 Peruvian sites have often been subject to extreme weather conditions and disasters. There are three climate zones within Peru: the Andean mountains and highlands in middle country, the arid coastal desert to the west, and the tropical Amazon jungle to the east. Peru experiences only two main seasons of rainy and dry. During the months from December to March, Peru experiences a rainy season. In the rainy season, it usually doesn't rain for more than a few hours at a time. Temperatures are cooler in higher elevations〔http://www.lonelyplanet.com/peru/weather〕 In 1997, a wildfire among the hills adjacent to Machu Picchu threatened the site until fire fighters could cut a ring of trees to prevent the fire from spreading to the ruins. In early 2010, heavy rainfall affected Machu Picchu and Cuzco. On January 25, 2010, 2,000 tourists were stranded near Machu Picchu when a landslide blocked the railroad connecting the site with Cuzco. The tourists were evacuated by ten helicopters, including four from the United States military on loan from the embassy in Lima. == The El Niño Effect == The El Niño effect refers to a change in the ocean currents and rising sea-surface water temperatures. The term literally means "the child." However, it refers to the timing of the effect, which usually occurs around Christmas on average of every seven years. This causes heavy rains and flooding in coastal areas. The change effects weather patterns worldwide.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「List of World Heritage Sites in Peru」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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